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	<title>Comments on: Barnard&#8217;s Star and the &#8216;Wait Equation&#8217;</title>
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	<link>http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=915&amp;utm_source=rss&amp;utm_medium=rss&amp;utm_campaign=barnards-star-and-the-wait-equation</link>
	<description>The News Forum of the Tau Zero Foundation</description>
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		<title>By: Terraformer (a.k.a Tobias Holbrook)</title>
		<link>http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=915&#038;cpage=1#comment-75751</link>
		<dc:creator>Terraformer (a.k.a Tobias Holbrook)</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 30 Oct 2009 21:40:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=915#comment-75751</guid>
		<description>Since we can reach around 5% of c with current/near term technology (Thermonuclear Orion with big ships), how does that affect the wait equation?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Since we can reach around 5% of c with current/near term technology (Thermonuclear Orion with big ships), how does that affect the wait equation?</p>
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		<title>By: george scaglione</title>
		<link>http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=915&#038;cpage=1#comment-51838</link>
		<dc:creator>george scaglione</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 25 Nov 2007 17:49:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=915#comment-51838</guid>
		<description>andrew kennedy,thank you for your above interesting comments. i think you will find,as have i that this site is one of the most interesting i have found thus far! quite naturally as i think you imply,the trouble is that the destinations are indeed quite far away! will take alot of thinking just to be able to attain them! funny thing really i had just commented to other of my friends here on basically that self same topic about 10 minutes ago!!  hope to hear more from you too! thank you very much...george   scaglione</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>andrew kennedy,thank you for your above interesting comments. i think you will find,as have i that this site is one of the most interesting i have found thus far! quite naturally as i think you imply,the trouble is that the destinations are indeed quite far away! will take alot of thinking just to be able to attain them! funny thing really i had just commented to other of my friends here on basically that self same topic about 10 minutes ago!!  hope to hear more from you too! thank you very much&#8230;george   scaglione</p>
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		<title>By: Andrew Kennedy</title>
		<link>http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=915&#038;cpage=1#comment-51832</link>
		<dc:creator>Andrew Kennedy</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 25 Nov 2007 10:38:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=915#comment-51832</guid>
		<description>Hi y&#039;all,

I ran into this blog just recently.  Even though the originator did email me shortly after my paper was published, this discussion wasn&#039;t on the page then.

Almost everyone in this thread seems to missed the point, or at least if they did get it they are not talking about it. 

I was explaining that given any kind of systematic growth  (and yes, I do include calculations based on accelerating rates of growth) you can calculate how long to wait to achieve any particular goal in the quickest time.  I am not talking about the &#039;Columbus fallacy&#039;.  I go on to say that this calculation may well be crucial in the race between competing groups to colonize a particular world. Leave at the wrong time and you&#039;ll end up last in the race.  This is not going to be an insignificant consideration when the vast investment required to get to any interstellar destination will need to produce a payoff.

I also talk about growth rates and say that the world&#039;s overall growth rate is a) surprisingly resilient to catastrophe, b) does not produce extraordinary innovations that alter the growth rate since the innovations are a function of the growth rate and not something apart.

Of course, the question of whether there is any attainable destination that will actually help us out in the hunt for resources is another issue.

Andrew Kennedy</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hi y&#8217;all,</p>
<p>I ran into this blog just recently.  Even though the originator did email me shortly after my paper was published, this discussion wasn&#8217;t on the page then.</p>
<p>Almost everyone in this thread seems to missed the point, or at least if they did get it they are not talking about it. </p>
<p>I was explaining that given any kind of systematic growth  (and yes, I do include calculations based on accelerating rates of growth) you can calculate how long to wait to achieve any particular goal in the quickest time.  I am not talking about the &#8216;Columbus fallacy&#8217;.  I go on to say that this calculation may well be crucial in the race between competing groups to colonize a particular world. Leave at the wrong time and you&#8217;ll end up last in the race.  This is not going to be an insignificant consideration when the vast investment required to get to any interstellar destination will need to produce a payoff.</p>
<p>I also talk about growth rates and say that the world&#8217;s overall growth rate is a) surprisingly resilient to catastrophe, b) does not produce extraordinary innovations that alter the growth rate since the innovations are a function of the growth rate and not something apart.</p>
<p>Of course, the question of whether there is any attainable destination that will actually help us out in the hunt for resources is another issue.</p>
<p>Andrew Kennedy</p>
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		<title>By: Barnards Star and the Wait Equation :: Newstack</title>
		<link>http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=915&#038;cpage=1#comment-22675</link>
		<dc:creator>Barnards Star and the Wait Equation :: Newstack</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 02 Dec 2006 06:30:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=915#comment-22675</guid>
		<description>[...] Read more: here [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Read more: here [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Paul Dietz</title>
		<link>http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=915&#038;cpage=1#comment-22384</link>
		<dc:creator>Paul Dietz</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 29 Nov 2006 19:44:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=915#comment-22384</guid>
		<description>If you can launch a neutrino detector into space, the solar focal point will be closer than 550 AU, due to focusing by the dense solar core (the neutrinos pass through the outside of the sun without scattering, although there would be oscillation).  At the focus the neutrinos intensity would be considerably amplified because that point would form a caustic (many nearby trajectories would focus to near the same point).  This is unlike focusing of light around the sun.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>If you can launch a neutrino detector into space, the solar focal point will be closer than 550 AU, due to focusing by the dense solar core (the neutrinos pass through the outside of the sun without scattering, although there would be oscillation).  At the focus the neutrinos intensity would be considerably amplified because that point would form a caustic (many nearby trajectories would focus to near the same point).  This is unlike focusing of light around the sun.</p>
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		<title>By: hiro</title>
		<link>http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=915&#038;cpage=1#comment-22375</link>
		<dc:creator>hiro</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 29 Nov 2006 19:14:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=915#comment-22375</guid>
		<description>I think our next goal will be the second focus point in our solar system which is around 550 AU from the sun (?). I assume that we have fusion propulsion around 2050 and it will take less than a year for a spacecraft reaching this point, if we extend the technology to its maximum limit.

I think sending a probe to the nearest star will start in the late 22th century when we have enough anti-matter for the trip. Well, it seems like i&#039;m a day dreamer.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I think our next goal will be the second focus point in our solar system which is around 550 AU from the sun (?). I assume that we have fusion propulsion around 2050 and it will take less than a year for a spacecraft reaching this point, if we extend the technology to its maximum limit.</p>
<p>I think sending a probe to the nearest star will start in the late 22th century when we have enough anti-matter for the trip. Well, it seems like i&#8217;m a day dreamer.</p>
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		<title>By: Stephen</title>
		<link>http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=915&#038;cpage=1#comment-22358</link>
		<dc:creator>Stephen</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 29 Nov 2006 18:30:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=915#comment-22358</guid>
		<description>Consider Moore&#039;s Law for computers for a moment.  In 1982, i ran a computation on a $100,000 machine for a year.  Were i to run this again on my 3 year old $400 home computer, it would take less than 2 hours.  So, from my perspective, i&#039;m encouraged to wait.  But if i hadn&#039;t written the code and tested it, i would not have learned anything back then.  Also, waiting for faster hardware only works for me because i&#039;m not creating the hardware.

So, why buy computer hardware at all?  I mean, if it&#039;s just going to be faster next year, why not wait?  If everyone did this, the sales that drive the technology would collapse, and the technology advancement would halt.  It turns out that you have to build the slower stuff today to be able to build the faster stuff tomorrow.

For interstellar travel, we aren&#039;t talking about me waiting, we&#039;re talking about all of humanity waiting.  But if we wait without development, testing, etc., then the technology doesn&#039;t have to advance.  Now, we might be able to use carbon nanotube wires that were developed for communications and space elevators to make a really good solar sail.  We might be able to adapt other technologies too.  But if it turned out that what we really needed was an Orion drive (explode nukes behind you), the only way to do that is to do it.  We&#039;re not going to get it by waiting for some domestic need to develop it.

We need nearby goals.  The Voyagers are headed out of the solar system.  They were designed to get to Neptune.  They&#039;ve made it to the heleosheath.  That&#039;s a cool goal, reachable without being passed.

BTW, when will New Horizons pass Voyager I in distance from the Sun?  I mean, we all heard that New Horizons was launched on a really fast rocket, and passed the Moon in 9 hours, and all that.

Never.  Voyager I got a bigger gravity boost from Jupiter than New Horizons will get.  New Horizons will never be as fast as Voyager I.  That&#039;s the breaks.

We still have minor planets and kuiper belt objects to fly to and study.  Then there&#039;s the big telescope project - where you send a probe out far enough to be able to use the Sun as a lens.  That&#039;s like 500 AU (or is it 1500 AU?).

As some have mentioned, the movement of the nearby stars makes a difference.  Epsilon Eridani is coming our way, and others.  You have to aim to where these things will be.  Sometimes, waiting for close approach will cut down on time.

I&#039;m optimistic that humans will send probes to interstellar distances.  Eventually, humans will go interstellar distances.  It&#039;d be nice to get Earth life out to infect other galaxy clusters, before these fall off the light horizon forever.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Consider Moore&#8217;s Law for computers for a moment.  In 1982, i ran a computation on a $100,000 machine for a year.  Were i to run this again on my 3 year old $400 home computer, it would take less than 2 hours.  So, from my perspective, i&#8217;m encouraged to wait.  But if i hadn&#8217;t written the code and tested it, i would not have learned anything back then.  Also, waiting for faster hardware only works for me because i&#8217;m not creating the hardware.</p>
<p>So, why buy computer hardware at all?  I mean, if it&#8217;s just going to be faster next year, why not wait?  If everyone did this, the sales that drive the technology would collapse, and the technology advancement would halt.  It turns out that you have to build the slower stuff today to be able to build the faster stuff tomorrow.</p>
<p>For interstellar travel, we aren&#8217;t talking about me waiting, we&#8217;re talking about all of humanity waiting.  But if we wait without development, testing, etc., then the technology doesn&#8217;t have to advance.  Now, we might be able to use carbon nanotube wires that were developed for communications and space elevators to make a really good solar sail.  We might be able to adapt other technologies too.  But if it turned out that what we really needed was an Orion drive (explode nukes behind you), the only way to do that is to do it.  We&#8217;re not going to get it by waiting for some domestic need to develop it.</p>
<p>We need nearby goals.  The Voyagers are headed out of the solar system.  They were designed to get to Neptune.  They&#8217;ve made it to the heleosheath.  That&#8217;s a cool goal, reachable without being passed.</p>
<p>BTW, when will New Horizons pass Voyager I in distance from the Sun?  I mean, we all heard that New Horizons was launched on a really fast rocket, and passed the Moon in 9 hours, and all that.</p>
<p>Never.  Voyager I got a bigger gravity boost from Jupiter than New Horizons will get.  New Horizons will never be as fast as Voyager I.  That&#8217;s the breaks.</p>
<p>We still have minor planets and kuiper belt objects to fly to and study.  Then there&#8217;s the big telescope project &#8211; where you send a probe out far enough to be able to use the Sun as a lens.  That&#8217;s like 500 AU (or is it 1500 AU?).</p>
<p>As some have mentioned, the movement of the nearby stars makes a difference.  Epsilon Eridani is coming our way, and others.  You have to aim to where these things will be.  Sometimes, waiting for close approach will cut down on time.</p>
<p>I&#8217;m optimistic that humans will send probes to interstellar distances.  Eventually, humans will go interstellar distances.  It&#8217;d be nice to get Earth life out to infect other galaxy clusters, before these fall off the light horizon forever.</p>
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		<title>By: Centauri Dreams &#187; Blog Archive &#187; Star Mission of a Lifetime</title>
		<link>http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=915&#038;cpage=1#comment-22169</link>
		<dc:creator>Centauri Dreams &#187; Blog Archive &#187; Star Mission of a Lifetime</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 28 Nov 2006 19:22:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=915#comment-22169</guid>
		<description>[...] The reference is from Hoyle&#8217;s Of Men and Galaxies (Seattle: University of Washington Press), and I ran into it in Andrew Kennedy&#8217;s paper on &#8216;the wait calculation,&#8217; which we&#8217;ve been discussing here recently. Hoyle&#8217;s take is controversial, to say the least, but it underlines the long-range issues we often focus on in these pages. Do we have the capacity, for example, to solve intractable problems over the course of centuries when this would involve sacrifice on the individual level during our comparatively short lifetimes? [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] The reference is from Hoyle&#8217;s Of Men and Galaxies (Seattle: University of Washington Press), and I ran into it in Andrew Kennedy&#8217;s paper on &#8216;the wait calculation,&#8217; which we&#8217;ve been discussing here recently. Hoyle&#8217;s take is controversial, to say the least, but it underlines the long-range issues we often focus on in these pages. Do we have the capacity, for example, to solve intractable problems over the course of centuries when this would involve sacrifice on the individual level during our comparatively short lifetimes? [...]</p>
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		<title>By: danvk.org &#187; Centauri Dreams, by Paul Gilster</title>
		<link>http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=915&#038;cpage=1#comment-22092</link>
		<dc:creator>danvk.org &#187; Centauri Dreams, by Paul Gilster</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 28 Nov 2006 05:49:18 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=915#comment-22092</guid>
		<description>[...] The book is a summary of all the major ideas that have been advanced for interstellar travel in the last fifty years. The problem is a difficult one. Even the New Horizons spacecraft, the fastest ever launched, would take 80,000 years to get to the nearest star. It would make more sense to wait and develop new technologies, and there&#8217;s a detailed discussion of the Wait equation. Much of the book is devoted to exotic propulsion methods and the men who dreamt them up. The author clearly admires these visionaries, and has read all their books. Even the bad science fiction that they wrote on the side. [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] The book is a summary of all the major ideas that have been advanced for interstellar travel in the last fifty years. The problem is a difficult one. Even the New Horizons spacecraft, the fastest ever launched, would take 80,000 years to get to the nearest star. It would make more sense to wait and develop new technologies, and there&#8217;s a detailed discussion of the Wait equation. Much of the book is devoted to exotic propulsion methods and the men who dreamt them up. The author clearly admires these visionaries, and has read all their books. Even the bad science fiction that they wrote on the side. [...]</p>
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		<title>By: ljk</title>
		<link>http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=915&#038;cpage=1#comment-22025</link>
		<dc:creator>ljk</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 27 Nov 2006 21:48:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=915#comment-22025</guid>
		<description>Waiting for the technology to &quot;get better&quot;?  If NASA had waited
for the technology to send humans to the Moon to &quot;get better&quot;,
political winds might have kept it from happening at all.

With the speed technological and scientific progress are happening
these days, we may not - and should not - have to wait as long as
some are predicting.  

If every generation retains the mindset that the next generation 
will have a better way to reach the stars, we won&#039;t go anywhere.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Waiting for the technology to &#8220;get better&#8221;?  If NASA had waited<br />
for the technology to send humans to the Moon to &#8220;get better&#8221;,<br />
political winds might have kept it from happening at all.</p>
<p>With the speed technological and scientific progress are happening<br />
these days, we may not &#8211; and should not &#8211; have to wait as long as<br />
some are predicting.  </p>
<p>If every generation retains the mindset that the next generation<br />
will have a better way to reach the stars, we won&#8217;t go anywhere.</p>
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